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Administering epinephrine immediately is the priority intervention for a child presenting with suspected anaphylaxis because it directly counteracts the effects of anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can result in airway constriction, hypotension, and shock. Epinephrine works by causing vasoconstriction, increasing heart rate, and bronchodilation, which can quickly reverse the critical symptoms associated with anaphylaxis, such as difficulty breathing and cardiovascular collapse.

While antihistamines can help to alleviate some allergic symptoms, they are not effective in treating the life-threatening aspects of anaphylaxis, and there is often no time to observe a patient when they are experiencing these severe reactions. Similarly, applying cool compresses or starting an intravenous line, while potentially useful in some clinical situations, do not address the immediate and life-threatening nature of anaphylaxis. Immediate administration of epinephrine is essential to stabilize the patient and prevent further deterioration of their condition.